I've coached several PhDs through this exact transition recently, and the same handful of stumbling blocks show up again and again. The good news: every one of them is fixable, and none of them means you need to abandon who you are as a scientist.

Your work was "novel." Now it needs to be "useful."

Years of training reward us for finding what nobody else found. Industry rewards us for solving a problem somebody else has. The exact same project, described one way, sounds like a curiosity; described another way, it sounds like exactly what a hiring manager's team needs. This reframing is often the single biggest unlock I see, and it usually takes nothing more than asking, "so what did this actually make possible?"

One resume can't serve every role

It's easy to build a single, comprehensive resume and send it everywhere. But a discovery biology team and a translational safety team are looking for different things, even from the same candidate. Tailoring isn't dishonest, it's just choosing which true things about you matter most to this particular reader.

Tone is harder to get right than it looks

I see two opposite failure modes constantly: resumes that are too casual ("worked on a XX cool project") and resumes that are so formal and jargon-dense that nobody outside the sub-field can follow them. The sweet spot is plain, confident, specific, action-verb-initiated language, the way you'd explain your work to a smart colleague in a different department.

You're underselling the parts that aren't "the science"

Somewhere in your PhD, you probably also: managed a multi-year project with shifting goals, mentored younger students, navigated ambiguous or messy data, or coordinated across collaborators who didn't report to you. None of that shows up in a publication list, and all of it is exactly what industry teams are hiring for. Show them up in your resume. Don't let it stay invisible just because it wasn't the "official" deliverable.

You haven't lost your expertise. You've just been speaking the wrong dialect.

None of this means rewriting who you are. It means translating the same expertise into a language your reader already speaks fluently. That's a skill, like any other, and it gets easier every time you practice it.

If you're in the middle of this transition right now: the fact that it feels hard doesn't mean you're doing it wrong. It means you're doing something genuinely difficult, like changing the academic language your have spoken for years. Having an experienced guide help you translate that dialect can make the process considerably easier.

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Why Your Academic Achievements Aren't Landing You Industry Interviews